Manipur Violence: May 2023 mai Manipur, India ke uttar-poorvi rajya mai, Meitei log aur aas-paas ke pahadi ilaqo mai rehne wale tribal samudayon jaise Kuki aur Zo logon ke beech ek jaatiy jhagda hua. Is jhagde ki mool wajah Meitei logon ki Indian Samvidhan ke tahat ek “Scheduled Tribe” (ST) darja maang thi, jisse unhe tribal samudayon ke saman adhikar prapt ho sakte the. Is maang ka tribal samudayon ne virodh kiya, jisne tanaav ko aur badhaya aur ant mai hinsa ka roop le liya.
April mai Manipur High Court ki faisla ne rajya sarkar ko char hafte ke bhitar Meitei logon ki ST darja ki maang par faisla karne ka hukum diya. Ye faisla Meitei aur tribal samudayon ke beech maujood tanaav ko aur bhi badha diya. Is par uttar chara parne ke liye, All Tribal Student Union of Manipur (ATSUM) ne 3 May ko ek Tribal Solidarity March ka aayojan kiya, jo Churachandpur zila mai hinsak roop le liya, yeh imphal valley aur pahadiyon ke beech ki seema ilaqe mai tha.
Jhagdo ke dauran kayi hinsak ghatnayein ghati, jiske parinaamswarup jaane maane log mare gaye aur bahut se ghayal ho gaye. Report ke mutabik, 100 se adhik log mare gaye aur 300 se adhik log ghayal hue. Hinsa mukhyat: Imphal Valley mai ghati, jahan gharo, dharmik sthalo aur dusre sampattiyo par hamle hue. Is jhagde ki wajah se logo ka bade paimane par palayan hua, aur hazaron log surakshit sthanon mai panah talashne nikle.
Manipur Violence ko rokne ke liye kya kadam liye gaye hai?
Kanoon aur vyavastha ko punah sthapit karne ke liye, Bharatiya Sena aur paramilitary balon ko bheja gaya, jisme lagbhag 10,000 sainik bheje gaye. Rajya ke internet seva ko panch din tak band kiya gaya, aur Bharatiya Dand Sanhita ke Section 144 ko lagu kiya gaya, jo char se jyada logon ke ekatrit hone ko mana karta hai. Suraksha balon ko “dekhte hi goli chalane” ke aadesh die gaye, taki curfew ko lagu karne ke liye atyadhik mamle mai kathor karyawahi ki ja sake.
Hinsa ke samadhan ke liye, sarkar ne kadam uthaye. Ek purane mukhya nyayadhish ke netritva mai ek samiti ka gathan kiya gaya, jo jhagde ki mool wajah ko samajhne ki koshish karega. Iske alawa, Governor aur suraksha salahkar Kuldeep Singh ke netritva mai ek shanti samiti ka gathan kiya gaya, jisme nagrik samaj ke sadasya bhi shamil the. Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) ko hinsa se jude chhe mukadme janch karne ka kaam saunpa gaya, jisse ek naitik janch ki ja sake.
Northeast India mai sthit Manipur rajya ek alag prakar ki jansankhya se bhara hua hai. Meitei log, jo mukhya roop se Imphal Valley mai base hai, jansankhya ka aadhaar hain aur mukhya roop se Hindu hain, lekin unme se kuchh log Musalman, Bauddh aur Sanamahi ke anuyayi bhi hai. Tribal samudayen, adhiktar Christian Kuki aur Naga, pahadi ilaqo mai base hai. Meitei log bina sthanik zila parishad ki anumati ke pahadi ilaqo mai basne se roke gaye hai, Manipur ke Bhoomi Sudhar Adhiniyam ke anusaar. Halaanki, tribal jansankhya ko aisi koi pabandi nahi hai aur wo valley ilaqe mai bas sakte hai.
Manipur mai raajneetik takat Meitei logon ki hai, jo Manipur Vidhan Sabha ke sadasyaon ki adhikanshta hain. 60 seato mai se 19 seat adivasi jatiyon (ST) ke liye reserve hai, jabki baki 40 seat samanya ghair aarakshanik matadatey hain. Pichhle chunav mai Meitei ummeedwaro ne 40 ghair aarakshanik seats mai se 39 seat jeeti thi. Tribal samudayen sarkar ke vyay ko lekar aapatti jata rahe hai, kyunki unhe lagta hai ki vyay ka adhikansh hissa Meitei dominatd Imphal Valley mai jata hai, jisse antar aur alagav ka ehsaas hota hai.
2023 mai jhagda hone ki badhati ghatnaon ki kuchh wajah hai. Manipur sarkar ki koshish illegal immigrants ko reserve van pradesho se hatane ki, visheshkar 1970s se Manipur mai basne wale Myanmar ke logon ko, tanaav ka karan bani. Tribal samudayen Meitei logon ko illegal immigrants ko samarthan dene aur unhe chhupane ka aarop lagate hai, jisse maujooda dushmani aur badh gayi. Meitei logon dwara ST darja ki maang tribal samudayon ke dwaara aapatti ka karan ban gayi, kyunki isse unhe sarkari naukri, shiksha sansthano aur dusre fayde tak pahunchne mai anfair fayda milne ka bhay tha, jo paramparik roop se pichhade huye tribal samudayon ke liye meant the.
Manipur is burning : A Video by Abhi and Niyu
Manipur mai jaatiy jhagda Meitei aur tribal samudayon ke beech mai sthit samajik, raajneetik aur arthik chunautiyon ka pratibimb hai. Is samasya ka samadhan ek vistarit prakriya aur saha-bhasha, samajh aur nyayapoorn nitiyo ko
shamil karta hai. Prayatn karne chahiye ki Meitei aur tribal samudayon ke beech ki faasle ko kam karne ka aur ekta aur samavesh ka ehsaas paida kiya jaye. Rajya sarkar sath hi sath kendriya authorities bhi kaam kare, arthik asaman ko dur karne par aur sabhi samudayon ke liye saman avsar ka dhyan rakhne par.
Iske alawa, zaroori hai ki kanooni framework ko majboot banaya jaye aur aise kadam uthaye jisse Meitei aur tribal samudayon ke adhikar aur hiton ki suraksha ho. Isme ST darja prapt karne ke liye maanak nirdharit karne aur is prakriya ko nyayapoorn aur pransparent banana shaamil hai. Sarkar ko bhi dhyan dena chahiye ki alag-alag jaatiyon ke beech sanskritik samajh aur samantrata ko badhawa diya jaye Manipur mai.
Ant mai, Manipur mai Meitei aur tribal samudayon ke beech jaatiy jhagda ek aise samajik-raajneetik complexity ko dikhata hai jo is kshetra mai maujood hai. Meitei logon ki ST darja ki maang aur iske parinamasvaroop adivasi samudayon ke virodh ne hinsak jhagdo, jaan ka nuksaan aur palayan ka karan kiya hai. Is jhagde ka samadhan ek bahumukhi prakriya ki aavashyakta hai, jo sabhi samudayon ke chintaon ko dhyan mai rakhe, samavesh ko badhawe aur Manipur ke vibhinn jaatiyon ke beech ekta ka vikas kare.
Source: Wikipedia- Manipur violence
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